RESUMO
Leishmaniasis is a neglected disease caused by flagellated parasites of the Leishmania genus affecting more than 10 million people worldwide. Current treatments for leishmaniasis involve the administration of poorly tolerated drugs with toxic side effects in patients. There is an imperative necessity for novel compounds to treat this disease. One of the most used strategies in the search for different antiparasitic compounds is the screening of purified plant molecules. The diterpenes 12-hydroxy-11,14-diketo-6,8,12-abietatrien-19,20-olide (HABTO) and 5-epi-icetexone (ICTX) isolated from Salvia cuspidata were shown to be effective against Leishmania amazonensis in vitro and in vivo. They displayed an antiproliferative effect against L. amazonensis promastigotes. They also induce an increase in ROS levels and affect the mitochondrial activity of parasites. HABTO and ICTX in an in vivo model of cutaneous leishmaniasis decrease footpad swelling, parasite load, and splenic index. Moreover, they induce significant reduction in the O.D. of total anti-Leishmania IgG and IgG1 subtype antibody responses against L. amazonensis compared to the PBS group but maintain high levels of IgG2a. This suggests that in HABTO- or ICTX-treated mice, there is a slowdown in the progression of the disease. These terpenes could be considered as possible novel antileishmanial agents against L. amazonensis and thus treat cutaneous leishmaniasis.
Assuntos
Antiprotozoários , Leishmania mexicana , Leishmania , Leishmaniose Cutânea , Salvia , Animais , Camundongos , Antiparasitários/farmacologia , Antiprotozoários/farmacologia , Antiprotozoários/uso terapêutico , Leishmaniose Cutânea/tratamento farmacológico , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Terpenos/farmacologiaRESUMO
A broad coverage influenza vaccine against multiple viral strains based on the viral nucleoprotein (NP) is a goal pursued by many laboratories. If the goal is to formulate the vaccine with recombinant NP it is essential to count on adjuvants capable of inducing cellular immunity. This work have studied the effect of the monophosphoryl lipid A and trehalose dimycolate, known as the Ribi Adjuvant System (RAS), in the immune response induced in mice immunized with recombinant NP. The NP was formulated with RAS and used to immunize BALB/c mice. Immunizations with NP-RAS increased the humoral and cellular immune responses compared to unadjuvanted NP. The predominant antibody isotype was IgG2a, suggesting the development of a Th1 response. Analysis of the cytokines from mice immunized with NP-RAS showed a significant increase in the production of IFN-g and a decreased production of IL-10 and IL-4 compared to controls without RAS. These results are similar to those usually obtained using Freund's adjuvant, known to induce Th1 and CTL responses when co-administered with purified proteins, and suggest that a similar approach may be possible to enhance the performance of a T-cell vaccine containing NP.
Assuntos
Esqueleto da Parede Celular/administração & dosagem , Fatores Corda/administração & dosagem , Influenza Humana/imunologia , Lipídeo A/análogos & derivados , Proteínas de Ligação a RNA/imunologia , Células Th1/imunologia , Proteínas do Core Viral/imunologia , Animais , Anticorpos Antivirais/imunologia , Esqueleto da Parede Celular/imunologia , Fatores Corda/imunologia , Feminino , Humanos , Imunidade Celular , Imunização , Vacinas contra Influenza/administração & dosagem , Vacinas contra Influenza/genética , Vacinas contra Influenza/imunologia , Influenza Humana/prevenção & controle , Influenza Humana/virologia , Interferon gama/imunologia , Interleucina-10/imunologia , Interleucina-4/imunologia , Lipídeo A/administração & dosagem , Lipídeo A/imunologia , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Proteínas do Nucleocapsídeo , Proteínas de Ligação a RNA/administração & dosagem , Proteínas de Ligação a RNA/genética , Linfócitos T Citotóxicos/imunologia , Proteínas do Core Viral/administração & dosagem , Proteínas do Core Viral/genéticaRESUMO
Current influenza vaccines elicit antibodies effective against homologous strains, but new strategies are urgently needed for protection against emerging epidemic or pandemic strains. Although influenza vaccine candidates based on the viral nucleoprotein (NP) or matrix protein do not elicit sterilizing immunity, they have the advantage of inducing immunity that may cover a larger number of viral strains. In this study, recombinant NP produced in Escherichia coli was purified and formulated in combination with the adjuvant ISCOMATRIX. This formulation increased a NP-specific immunity in mice, with a Th1 profile, and may constitute a promising low-cost influenza vaccine candidate, with ability to stimulate humoral and cellular immune responses..
Assuntos
Colesterol/imunologia , Vírus da Influenza A Subtipo H1N1/imunologia , Vacinas contra Influenza/imunologia , Influenza Humana/prevenção & controle , Nucleoproteínas/imunologia , Fosfolipídeos/imunologia , Saponinas/imunologia , Proteínas Virais/imunologia , Adjuvantes Imunológicos/administração & dosagem , Animais , Anticorpos Antivirais , Colesterol/administração & dosagem , Combinação de Medicamentos , Feminino , Humanos , Imunização , Vírus da Influenza A Subtipo H1N1/genética , Vacinas contra Influenza/administração & dosagem , Vacinas contra Influenza/genética , Influenza Humana/imunologia , Influenza Humana/virologia , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Nucleoproteínas/administração & dosagem , Nucleoproteínas/genética , Fosfolipídeos/administração & dosagem , Proteínas Recombinantes/genética , Proteínas Recombinantes/imunologia , Saponinas/administração & dosagem , Proteínas Virais/administração & dosagem , Proteínas Virais/genéticaRESUMO
La difilobotriosis es una parasitosis intestinal causada por la infección de cestodos del genero Diphyllobothrium. En la Argentina, la Patagonia Andina es considerada una zona endémica para esta parasitosis. La infección por Diphyllobothrium latum no ha sido previamente notificada en la provincia de Mendoza; en este trabajo comunicamos un caso de esta parasitosis que fue confirmada por el análisis de las características morfológicas de los huevos eliminados con la materia fecal de un paciente infectado. Se destaca la necesidad de información y capacitación de los profesionales de la salud en el diagnóstico y tratamiento de parasitosis no endémicas.(AU)
Diphyllobothriosis is an intestinal parasitosis caused by cestodes infection of the genus Diphyllobothrium. In Argentina, the Andean Patagonia is considered an endemic area for this parasitosis. Diphyllobothrium latum infection has not been previously reported in the province of Mendoza, Argentina. We are now reporting then the first case. Diphyllobothriosis was confirmed by examination of morphologic characteristics of the eggs eliminated in the patients feces. These results suggest the requirement of a more specific training of health workers in the diagnosis and treatment of non endemic parasitosis. We want to emphasize the need of health workers education on diagnosis and treatment of endemic and non-endemic parasitosis.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Humanos , Masculino , Adulto Jovem , Difilobotríase/diagnóstico , Diphyllobothrium/isolamento & purificação , Parasitologia de Alimentos , Oncorhynchus kisutch/parasitologia , Argentina/epidemiologia , Contagem de Ovos de ParasitasRESUMO
La difilobotriosis es una parasitosis intestinal causada por la infección de cestodos del genero Diphyllobothrium. En la Argentina, la Patagonia Andina es considerada una zona endémica para esta parasitosis. La infección por Diphyllobothrium latum no ha sido previamente notificada en la provincia de Mendoza; en este trabajo comunicamos un caso de esta parasitosis que fue confirmada por el análisis de las características morfológicas de los huevos eliminados con la materia fecal de un paciente infectado. Se destaca la necesidad de información y capacitación de los profesionales de la salud en el diagnóstico y tratamiento de parasitosis no endémicas.(AU)
Diphyllobothriosis is an intestinal parasitosis caused by cestodes infection of the genus Diphyllobothrium. In Argentina, the Andean Patagonia is considered an endemic area for this parasitosis. Diphyllobothrium latum infection has not been previously reported in the province of Mendoza, Argentina. We are now reporting then the first case. Diphyllobothriosis was confirmed by examination of morphologic characteristics of the eggs eliminated in the patients feces. These results suggest the requirement of a more specific training of health workers in the diagnosis and treatment of non endemic parasitosis. We want to emphasize the need of health workers education on diagnosis and treatment of endemic and non-endemic parasitosis.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Humanos , Masculino , Adulto Jovem , Difilobotríase/diagnóstico , Diphyllobothrium/isolamento & purificação , Parasitologia de Alimentos , Oncorhynchus kisutch/parasitologia , Argentina/epidemiologia , Contagem de Ovos de ParasitasRESUMO
La difilobotriosis es una parasitosis intestinal causada por la infección de cestodos del genero Diphyllobothrium. En la Argentina, la Patagonia Andina es considerada una zona endémica para esta parasitosis. La infección por Diphyllobothrium latum no ha sido previamente notificada en la provincia de Mendoza; en este trabajo comunicamos un caso de esta parasitosis que fue confirmada por el análisis de las características morfológicas de los huevos eliminados con la materia fecal de un paciente infectado. Se destaca la necesidad de información y capacitación de los profesionales de la salud en el diagnóstico y tratamiento de parasitosis no endémicas.
Diphyllobothriosis is an intestinal parasitosis caused by cestodes infection of the genus Diphyllobothrium. In Argentina, the Andean Patagonia is considered an endemic area for this parasitosis. Diphyllobothrium latum infection has not been previously reported in the province of Mendoza, Argentina. We are now reporting then the first case. Diphyllobothriosis was confirmed by examination of morphologic characteristics of the eggs eliminated in the patients' feces. These results suggest the requirement of a more specific training of health workers in the diagnosis and treatment of non endemic parasitosis. We want to emphasize the need of health workers' education on diagnosis and treatment of endemic and non-endemic parasitosis.
Assuntos
Animais , Humanos , Masculino , Adulto Jovem , Difilobotríase/diagnóstico , Diphyllobothrium/isolamento & purificação , Parasitologia de Alimentos , Oncorhynchus kisutch/parasitologia , Argentina/epidemiologia , Contagem de Ovos de ParasitasRESUMO
Diphyllobothriosis is an intestinal parasitosis caused by cestodes infection of the genus Diphyllobothrium. In Argentina, the Andean Patagonia is considered an endemic area for this parasitosis. Diphyllobothrium latum infection has not been previously reported in the province of Mendoza, Argentina. We are now reporting then the first case. Diphyllobothriosis was confirmed by examination of morphologic characteristics of the eggs eliminated in the patients' feces. These results suggest the requirement of a more specific training of health workers in the diagnosis and treatment of non endemic parasitosis. We want to emphasize the need of health workers' education on diagnosis and treatment of endemic and non-endemic parasitosis.
